Digital Code Mutation and Nucleotide Code Mutation is Not a Valid Comparison

Metamorphism, Formal Grammars and Undecidable Code Mutation

This paper presents a formalisation of the different existing code mutation techniques (polymorphism and metamorphism) by means of formal grammars. While very few theoretical results are known about the detection complexity of viral mutation techniques, we exhaustively address this critical issue by considering the Chomsky classification of formal grammars. This enables us to determine which fa...

Efficient mutation testing of multithreaded code

Mutation testing is a well-established method for measuring and improving the quality of test suites. A major cost of mutation testing is the time required to execute the test suite on all the mutants. This cost is even greater when the system under test is multithreaded: not only are test cases from the test suite executed on many mutants but also each test case is executed—or more precisely, ...

Software Protection Through Dynamic Code Mutation

Reverse engineering of executable programs, by disassembling them and then using program analyses to recover high level semantic information, plays an important role in attacks against software systems, and can facilitate software piracy. This paper introduces a novel technique to complicate reverse engineering. The idea is to change the program code repeatedly as it executes, thereby thwarting...

To Code or Not to Code, That Is the Question

To code, or not to code?

In summary, it is also important to remember the hidden rules: 1) Just because there is a code in the manual, it doesn't mean it can be billed to insurance, or that once billed, it will be reimbursed. 2) Just because a code was paid once, doesn't mean it will ever be paid again--or that you get to keep the money! 3) The healthcare provider is responsible for knowing all the rules, but then it i...